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Webpage Design and Development, CPST-2400-10
with HTML5 and CSS3
Spring 2019

Key Terms - Tutorial 1
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Glossary of Key Terms for Tutorial 1

address element An HTML element used to mark address or contact information.

American Standard Code for Information Exchange (ASCII) A character set used for the alphabet of English characters.

article element An HTML structural element used to mark articles or content about a specific area of interest.

ASCII. See American Standard Code for Information Exchange

aside element An HTML structural element that marks extra or side content on the Web page.

attribute A feature of an element that specifies the use, the behavior, and in some cases the appearance of the element.

blockquote element An HTML element used to mark a large section of quoted material.

body element Element in an HTML document containing all of the content that appears in the rendered Web page.

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) A language used to define styles for HTML page elements.

character encoding A technique which associates each symbol from a character set with a numeric value.

character entity reference A short memorable name used in place of a numeric character reference.

character set A collection of characters and symbols representing every character that a browser is capable of rendering.

cite element An HTML element used to mark a citation.

client A computer or other device that receives a service.

client-server network A network design in which several clients access information from one or more servers.

closing tag A tag that marks the end of a two-sided tag.

comment tag An HTML tag used to mark comments about the document.

CSS. See Cascading Style Sheets

deprecation The process by which obsolete features of HTML are phased out.

description list A list containing a list of terms, each followed by its description.

div element A generic HTML element used for marking page divisions.

doctype switching The process by which browsers use the presence or absence of a doctype to decide which mode they should use to render a document.

doctype. See Document Type Declaration

Document Type Declaration (doctype) Opening statement in an HTML document that indicates the type of markup language used in the document.

element A distinct item within a Web page, such as a paragraph, the page heading, or even the entire body of the page itself.

empty element An element that does not contain content.

Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) A stricter version of HTML4 created using XML.

Extensible Markup Language (XML) A compact offshoot of SGML, used to define new markup languages.

file server A network host that provides storage space for saving and receiving files.

footer element An HTML structural element that marks the page footer; usually containing address and summary information.

grouping element HTML element that contains content that is viewed as a distinct block within the Web page.

head element Element in an HTML document containing general information about the document.

header element An HTML structural element that marks the introduction or header of the Web page.

heading element Element used for marking page headings.

hgroup element An HTML element used to group page headings.

host Device on a network that can be used to share information and services.

href The attribute in the <a> tag that contains the reference or address of the linked document.

html element The top element in an HTML document, containing all other elements.

HTML. See Hypertext Markup Language

HTML5 The latest version of HTML, which supplanted XHTML 2 as the future Web document language.

hypertext A method of organization in which data sources are interconnected through a series of links or hyperlinks that users can activate to jump from one piece of information to another.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) The language of Web pages used to describe the structure of documents through markup tags and create interconnected structures using hyperlinks.

img element An HTML element used to mark the location of an inline image.

inline element A text-level element in which the content is placed in line or alongside other element content.

internal style sheet A style sheet built into a Web browser.

Internet service provider (ISP) A company that provides Internet access and usually space on a Web server.

Internet The largest WAN in existence incorporating an almost uncountable number of networks and hosts involving computers, mobile phones, PDAs, MP3 players, gaming systems, and television stations.

ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) A character set character set that supports 255 characters and can be used by most languages that employ the Latin alphabet, including English, French, Spanish, and Italian.

ISP. See Internet service provider

JavaScript A programming language used with Web pages and HTML.

LAN. See local area network

Latin-I. See ISO 8859-1

li element An HTML element used to mark a list item within an ordered or unordered list.

link element An HTML element that links the document to an external style sheet file.

local area network (LAN) A network confined to a small geographic area, such as within a building or department.

markup language A language that describes the content and structure of a document by identifying, or tagging, different elements in the document.

Modernizr A free, open-source, MIT-licensed JavaScript library of functions that provides support for many HTML5 elements and for the newest CSS styles.

namespace declaration A statement in an XML document that indicates the default language used in the document.

nested A element which is enclosed within another element.

network A structure that allows devices known as nodes or hosts to be linked together to share information and services.

node Device on a network that can be used to share information and services.

numeric character reference The numeric value of a character symbol.

ol element An HTML element used to mark an ordered list.

one-sided tag A tag used with an empty element.

opening tag A tag that marks that beginning of a two-sided tag.

ordered list A list in which the items follow a sequential order.

p element An HTML element used to mark a paragraph.

presentational attribute An HTML attribute designed to indicate how a page element should be rendered by the browser.

presentational element An HTML element designed to indicate how a page element should be rendered by the browser.

print server A network host that provides printing service.

quirks mode Mode in which the browser renders the Web page in accordance with practices followed in the 1990's.

script An external program linked to a Web page.

section element An HTML structural element used to mark a major section of the Web page.

server A network host that provides information or a service.

SGML. See Standard Generalized Markup Language

Standard Generalized Markup Language A markup language introduced in 1980 to describe the structure and content of documents or any type of information that is readable by machines.

standards mode Mode in which the browser renders the Web page in accordance with the most current HTML specifications.

strong element An HTML element used to mark strong or bold text.

structural element HTML element that defines the major sections of a Web page.

style sheet A document that describe how different Web page elements should be rendered.

syntax The rules that govern how code should be entered.

tag An HTML object used to mark different Web page elements.

tagging The process of marking elements within a document.

text-based browser A Web browser limited to text-only display.

text-level element HTML element used to mark content nested within a grouping element.

title element An element within the head element used to indicate the page title that will appear in the browser title bar.

two-sided tag A tag that contains both an opening and closing tag, used to mark elements that contain text or another element.

type attribute (styles) When used with the link attribute, it indicates the language of the linked style sheet.

ul element An HTML element used to mark an unordered list.

Unicode An extensive character set, supporting 65,536 symbols and used with many of the world's languages.

unordered list A list in which the items do not follow a sequential order.

UTF-8 The commonly used character set on the Web stored as a compressed version of Unicode.

validator Program that examines document code to ensure that it meets all the syntax requirements of the specified language.

W3C. See World Wide Web Consortium

WAN. See wide area network

Web browser A device or program that retrieves the page from its Web server and renders it on a computer or another device.

Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) A group of Web designers and browser manufacturers formed with the mission to develop a rival version to XHTML 2.0, called HTML5.

Web page A document on the World Wide Web.

Web server A server storing a Web page.

WHATWG. See Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group

white space The blank spaces, tabs, and line breaks found within a text file.

wide area network (WAN) A network that covers a wider area, such as several buildings or cities, typically consisting of two or more local area networks.

World Wide Web A graphical interface to the Internet using hypertext links as a mean to access interconnected documents and services.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) An organization of Web designers and programmers that creates a set of standards or specifications for all browser manufacturers to follow.

XHTML 2.0 An aborted version of XHTML, created to provide robust support for multimedia, social networking, interactive Web forms, and other features needed by Web designers.

XHTML. See Extensible Hypertext Markup Language

XML vocabulary Markup language developed using XML.

XML. See Extensible Markup Language